Heater



Feb. 11, 1941., w. c. MCKEssON 2,231,632

HEATER `Filed March 22, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb- 11, l94lw. c. McKEssoN HEATER Filed March 22, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet-2 Patented Feb. l1, 194i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to heaters and more particularly to burners used in connection with oil heaters.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a new and improvised oil heater which can be economically operated and which generates a maximum of heat.

Another obj ect is to provide an oil burner which can be utilized with any standard stove or heater by merely inserting it therein.

Other objects will become apparent as this description progresses.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a top plan view showing the heater and the fuel supply;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view partly in cross section showing the heating unit;

Figure 3 is a top view of my heating unit;

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a top View of the burner element;

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 5;

Figure '7 is a cross sectional View taken on line 1-1 of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a top plan view showing the draft door.

In the drawings I show a conventional sto-ve or heater indicated generally at Ill which is supported by a plurality of legs Il. The heater is provided with a flue I3, rotatable draft shutter I4 and entrance door I5. Spaced from the bottom of said housing is a horizontal support or grate rest I6 which is provided with an enlarged annular opening l1. Positioned on said support directly over said opening is an oil heating unit indicated generally at I8 which comprises a burner I9, a bowl shaped member 20 and a baie spreader 2l. The burner I9 has a pair of annular channels 22 and 23 which are formed by upstanding walls 24, 25 and 26. Diametrically connecting the channel 22 is a bridging or cross channel 21 which is formed by a pair of walls 29. Centrally of said bridging channel 21 I provide an annular head 30, the interior a. which forms a communicating 5 duct with the cross channel 21. Positioned within said bridging channel 21 is an inverted U-shaped channel 3l which extends into channel 22 and which provides a communicating passageway 32 for the fuel from the duct, 30a, to the annular channel 22. As shown in Figures 5 and '1.the ltop of said bridging channel is sealed by cement or the like. However, if it is desired, the bridging channel can be cast so as to provide a communicating duct with the annular channel in any other well known manner.

To close the top of the head 30 I provide a plug 33 which has an enlarged boss 34 to which is secured the dished baille spreader 2| which is made of refractory material. Supported within the annular channel 23 is the bowl 2l) which forms a 5 combustion chamber 35. Threaded to the opening in the bottom of the burner as at 38 is a pipe 31 which leads from a container 38 in which is contained the fuel oil. The container is supported on a suitable standard 39. Provided in the pipe 10 31 are a pair of manually operated valves 40 and 4|. Also communicating with said pipe through a nipple 42 is an air pipe 43 to which is secured an air pressure bulb 44.

Within the heater I0 there is a baffle plate 45, 15 while adjacent the lower end of the heater I provide a swingable draft door 46 (Figures 2 and 8) which can be adjusted in varied open positions on the rack 41.

Within the channel 22 of the burner I9 I place 20 a mixed refractory composition which intensifies the flame and permits greater heat to be produced. Approximately 2/3 of the lower depth of the channel 22 is lled with a' refractory substance 48, which is preferably formed of crushed carborun- 25 dum about 1/4 inch size which has been treated to a bath in a solution of about 1/2 commercial silicate of soda (water glass) with an equal amount of water and mixed with enough powdered lgraphite to make a consistency of cream after it 30 has dried. Other refractory substances such as re brick or crushed silicate can be used in place of carborundum if desired. The top of about 1/3 of the depth of the channel is filled with a composition 49, which is made up of a mixture of an equal amount of flake asbestos and mica in the form of porosol, this is mixed with a small amount (about 1/5) of graphite in powdered form to give said mixture a graphite coating. The top mixture is pressed down tightly in the channel over the bottom mixture and is shaped slightly concave between the channel as at 49a.

With the valves 4|] and 4| open, the fuel oil in the container 38 will by gravity be forced through the pipe 3l, into the conduit 33a through the pas- 45 sageway 32 into the channel 22 where it will be forced into and through the composition 48 and 49, thus saturating it with oil. Any surplus fuel will overflow into the channel 23 and will be drained therefrom by an outlet pipe 5l). The out- 50 let pipe can lead to a suitable basin (not shown) which is covered with a ne screen to prevent any of the accidental flames from passing therethrough.

In order to initially start the burner into opera tion the Valves 4U and 4| are first opened and the fuel will pass from the container 38 through the pipe 31 into the duct 30a then through bridge conduit 32 and into the composition 48 and 43 which will be thoroughly saturated. The valves are then closed. The composition is then ignited by a match and allowed to burn for a few moments after which the valves are again opened to permit the fuel to continue to feed, and to continue saturating the composition. In initially starting the flame itis best to keep the draft door 4B fully closed but after the flame gains headway the draft door 46 can be opened to the extent desired so that the draft can come up through the pit of the stove and through the opening I1 where it is diverted by the baille spreader 2| to combine with the flame.

As shown in Figure 2, I place an air Vpipe 43 in communication with the pipe 31, so that in the event that the sediment in the fuel tends to settle inthe bottom of the container A38 and to clog the opening leading to pipe 31, AI can by closing the valve 4| and opening valve 4Q and by pressing the bulb 44 admit air pressure into the container to agitate the sediment and blow it away from the opening, so that it will not obstruct theow of fuel oil. Also in first starting the burnenfcompressed air can be injected into the compositions 48 and 49 by closing valve 40 and opening valve 4| and operating the bulb'44. This will facilitate starting the flame. Also 'if it is desired to remove the carbon which will gather on the composition, this compression device can be operated as just described when the burner is not in heating operation.

It will be understood that after a time, the composition should be replaced and this can be easily done by removing the remaining burned composition in the channel and refilling it with a new similar composition. It will also be understood that though I show my burner in a particular heating unit, that the burner can be readily inserted and placed in the conventional coal stove or the like by simply removing the draw center from the grates from such stoves and placing my burner on the grate and sealing the .sides of the burner so that the draft air will beadmitted only from the pit or bottom of said stove.

It will be understood that Various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and'sc'ope of my invention.

What I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A wick for oil burners including relatively large particles of carborundum in a loose state and treated with a mixture of sodium silicate and graphite to provide a coating for said particles, and a separate layer comprising particles of asbestos and mica in a more compact state, the latter particles being treated with powdered graphite.

2. A Wick for oil burners including relatively large particles of a silicate in a loose state and treated with a mixture of sodium silicate and graphite to provide a coating for said particles, and a separate layer comprising particles -of asbestos in a more compact state, the latter particles being treated with a powdered graphite.

WILLIAM C. MCKESSON. 

